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1
The Winter Olympics is also called the White Olympics . At this time , many colorful stamps are published to mark the great Games . The first stamps marking the opening came out on January 25 , 1932 in the United States for the 3
rd White Olympics . From then on , publishing stamps during the White Olympics became a rule .
During the 4
th Winter Olympic Games a group of stamps were published in Germany in November 1936 . The five rings of Olympics were drawn on the front of the sportswear . It was the first time that the rings appeared on the stamps of the White Olympics .
In the 1950’s , the stamps of this kind became more colorful . When the White Olympics came , the host countries(东道国)as well as the non-host countries published stamps to mark those Games . China also published four stamps in February 1980 , when the Chinese sports men began to take part in the White Olympics .
Japan is the only Asian country that has ever held the White Olympics . Altogether 14,500 million stamps were sold to raise money for this sports meet .
Different kinds of sports were drawn on these small stamps . People can enjoy the beauty of the wonderful movements of some sportsmen .The White Olympics and the Winter Olympics
.The world made it a rule to publish stamps to mark the great world games
.The Winter Olympics is held once
.Which of the following is TRUE ?What may appear on the stamps of the White Olympics ?
are the same thing,are different games,are not held in winter,are held in summer,are the same thing,are different games,are not held in winter,are held in summer,after the year 1936,after the 3rd White Olympics,before the 3rd White Olympics,before the year 1932,after the year 1936,after the 3rd White Olympics,before the 3rd White Olympics,before the year 1932,every two years,every three years,every four years,every five years,every two years,every three years,every four years,every five years,Only the host countries can publish stamps to mark those Games .,Only the non-host countries can publish stamps to mark those Games .,All the countries can publish stamps to mark those Games .,Japan can’t publish stamps to mark those Games .,Only the host countries can publish stamps to mark those Games .,Only the non-host countries can publish stamps to mark those Games .,All the countries can publish stamps to mark those Games .,Japan can’t publish stamps to mark those Games .,Basketball .,Table tennis .,Football .,Skating .,Basketball .,Table tennis .,Football .,Skating .
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2
Diet Coke, diet Pepsi, diet pills, no-fat diet, vegetable diet .... We are surrounded by the word “diet” everywhere we look and listen. We have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us. We are paying for products that harm us psychologically and physically.
Diet products significantly weaken us psychologically. On one level, we are not allowing our brains to admit that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight, but in controlling the consumption of fatty, high-calorie, unhealthy foods. Diet products allow us to jump over the thinking stage and go straight for the scale(秤) instead. All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word “diet” in food labels.
On another level, diet products have greater psychological effects. Every time we have a zero-calorie drink, we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we don’t have to work to get results. Diet products make people believe that
gain comes without pain, and that life can be without resistance and struggle.
The danger of diet products lies not only in the psychological effects they have on us, but also in the physical harm that they cause. Diet foods can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are preventing our bodies from having basic nutrients. Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calorie only because the diet industry has created chemicals to produce these wonder products. Diet products may not be nutritional, and the chemicals that go into diet products are potentially dangerous.
Now that we are aware of the effects that diet products have on us, it is time to seriously think about buying them. Losing weight lies in the power of minds, not in the power of chemicals. Once we realize this, we will be much better able to resist diet products, and therefore prevent the psychological and physical harm that comes from using them.From Paragraph 1, we learn that ______.One psychological effect of diet products is that people tend to ______.In Paragraph 3, “gain comes without pain” probably means ______.Diet products indirectly harm people physically because such products ______.
diet products fail to bring out people’s potential,people have difficulty in choosing diet products,diet products are misleading people,people are fed up with diet products,diet products fail to bring out people’s potential,people have difficulty in choosing diet products,diet products are misleading people,people are fed up with diet products,try out a variety of diet foods,hesitate before they enjoy diet foods,pay attention to their own eating habits,watch their weight rather than their diet,try out a variety of diet foods,hesitate before they enjoy diet foods,pay attention to their own eating habits,watch their weight rather than their diet,diet products bring no pain,it costs a lot to lose weight,losing weight is effortless,diet products are free from calories,diet products bring no pain,it costs a lot to lose weight,losing weight is effortless,diet products are free from calories,are over-consumed,lack basic nutrients,are short of chemicals,provide too much energy,are over-consumed,lack basic nutrients,are short of chemicals,provide too much energy
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3
Apparently,we are safe neither at home nor in the business office.We use water in both places,but the research shows that chemicals added to our local water supply to kill harmful bacteria can have unwanted side effects.These chemicals can cause potential harm through drinking and in seemingly harmless activities as cleaning one’s house.They are released(set free)from water by daily actions like water running out of tap,spraying from garden pipes,or splashing in dishwashers and washing machines.As the water is moving.these chemicals are released into the air and then breathed in. Once inside our bodies, they start to affect our health.
Does this mean we should stop bathing? No, say the scientists, but
we should put all pollution into perspective. Activities at home such as the burning of coal, cooking oil, or even candles release carbon monoxide and particulates such as cigarette ashes which have been proven as harmful to health as working or living near heavy traffic. New tugs, bedding, and even clothing give off that“new smell, ”which is a sure sign of chemicals. In the office, newly applied paint, newly purchased telephones and other telecommunications equipment, and computers release polluting chemicals, too. As offices and homes often have inadequate ventilation (通风), these chemicals can build up to become health problems. Their poisonous effects are only now being slowly recognized.
These facts suggest that, at a minimum, proper airing of newly purchased goods with an obvious chemical smell is a wise warning. Home and office windows should be opened during good weather. Even one’s car needs to be ventilated as well while in the garage.
We need further research to understand better other potential health dangers, too. For example, the effects of overcrowding of schools (carbon dioxide build-up ), the factory work environment ( an endless list of potentially dangerous substances ), and even home heating and cooling (the air conditioner may be our enemies, not our friends) have only recently started to come to light. Until we understand the effects of our new technological environment better, we can only hope that“there is no place like home.”What is the main idea of the first paragraph?In Paragraph 2, the underlined sentence means that
.What is the purpose of the passage?
The air we breathe in is harmful.,The water in everyday use is unsafe.,Chemicals are added to the drinking water.,Chemicals are released in the running water.,The air we breathe in is harmful.,The water in everyday use is unsafe.,Chemicals are added to the drinking water.,Chemicals are released in the running water.,bathing should be done with caution,homes and offices should be aired often,any pollution should be taken into consideration,we should prevent any pollution from doing harm to us,bathing should be done with caution,homes and offices should be aired often,any pollution should be taken into consideration,we should prevent any pollution from doing harm to us,To call on us to guard our water.,To show us that no place is like home.,To make us aware of the pollution around us.,To argue that neither homes nor offices are safe.,To call on us to guard our water.,To show us that no place is like home.,To make us aware of the pollution around us.,To argue that neither homes nor offices are safe.
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4
You feel generally depressed and unable to concentrate. Your pattern of daily activity may change:you find yourself awake and active in the middle of the night;you sleep late into the day. You stay in your room and have little contact with people except with those who speak your language. In your mind,you criticize the people around you;You are constantly comparing between life here and the perfect life back home. Above a11, you are homesick almost all the time.
If you ever find yourself behaving in these ways,you are probably suffering from culture shock. Culture shock is a psychological condition that sometimes has physical effects. It affects people who have moved away from an environment where they know how to live into a new environment where much is unfamiliar to them-the food,the weather, the language,and especially the unwritten rules for social behavior.
Culture shock is caused. therefore,by a lack of familiarity with the system of rules that the new society uses for everyday living. Language is an obvious example of one type of these rules. If your language is limited,even the simplest task can suddenly become difficult for you. However, knowledge of the language doesn’t make you free from the effects of culture shock as many Britons in the United States and many Americans in Britain will experience. Most people are unaware that each culture has its own rules for social behavior;they certainly think that polite, civilized people behave the same way worldwide. This mistaken belief will cause you to behave and judge the behavior of others according to the rules you learned as a member of your own culture. If the rules are different, then people will misunderstand your behavior, and you will misunderstand theirs.
How can you deal with culture shock? First, you need to realize that every newcomer suffers from some culture shock. You’re not the only case. Second,remember that culture shock can be cured. The process of recovery will start as you begin to become used to the new culture. Of course learning the language will help remove the
obstacles to communication and will ease the job of making Mends with people. Recognizing and learning the new cultural rules of behavior, however, may be just as important. You’ll still have emotional reactions to unfamiliar situations but you’11 find yourself making jokes about them rather than condemning the entire society as “stupid.” The jokes are a good sign:they show that you are recovering.What’s the main idea of the first paragraph?What does the underlined word
obstacles mean?What can be concluded when you find yourself making jokes about new culture?Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
the causes of culture shock,some signs of culture shock,the cure for culture shock,an explanation of culture shock,the causes of culture shock,some signs of culture shock,the cure for culture shock,an explanation of culture shock,things that make a task easy,things that make at ask enjoyable,things that make a task difficult,things that make at ask funny,things that make a task easy,things that make at ask enjoyable,things that make a task difficult,things that make at ask funny,You are about to recover from culture shock.,You have completely got rid of culture shock.,You never suffered from culture shock before.,You’re in culture shock for many years.,You are about to recover from culture shock.,You have completely got rid of culture shock.,You never suffered from culture shock before.,You’re in culture shock for many years.,The passage suggests that culture shock makes you miss your family badly.,A good knowledge of the language will prevent you suffering from culture shock.,In the writer’s opinion,the social rules for polite,civilized behavior are international.,If you have a perfect knowledge of their language, you will never be misunderstood.,The passage suggests that culture shock makes you miss your family badly.,A good knowledge of the language will prevent you suffering from culture shock.,In the writer’s opinion,the social rules for polite,civilized behavior are international.,If you have a perfect knowledge of their language, you will never be misunderstood.
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5
Laughter Yoga (瑜伽) is a unique technique invented by Dr Kataria, a doctor from India, by which you can learn to “Laugh for No Reason”. You don’t even need a sense of humor, no funny jokes or comedy programs — just a willingness to laugh — and in the present climate everyone needs to laugh more.
Laughter Yoga is a combination of Laughter Exercises and Yogic Breathing, so that you increase the amount of oxygen in your body while being playful, resulting in you feeling healthier, energetic and alive. This actually changes the physical conditions of your body so that you start to feel happier.
Laughter Yoga is generally done in groups although it can be practiced alone. When you make eye contact with someone and you’re both willing to laugh, the laughter is increased. However, we do say that you can “Fake (假装) it, fake it till you make it” because the body doesn’t know the difference between fake and true laughter; as long as you’re willing to laugh you’ll experience the same health benefits.
Laughter Yoga started in a park in Mumbai in 1995 with just 5 participants, and now there’re over 6,000 laughter clubs in 60 different countries — showing the willingness of the world to laugh together.
In the UK, Julie was one of the first people to train as a Laughter Leader with Dr Kataria in June 2002. In 2006 she was awarded Laughter Ambassador for her selfless service to promote Laughter Yoga.
“Yoga has been part of my life for 30 years but 7 years ago my life changed when I discovered Laughter Yoga. I believe laughter and yoga are both good for your health,” says Julie.Why do people practicing Laughter Yoga laugh a lot?What do we know about Julie from the passage?The purpose of the passage is to _____.
They have a sense of humor.,They are amused by jokes.,They are willing to laugh.,They can’t help laughing a lot.,They have a sense of humor.,They are amused by jokes.,They are willing to laugh.,They can’t help laughing a lot.,She took up Laughter Yoga 30 years ago.,She helped make Laughter Yoga more popular.,She used to suffer from serious physical problems.,She was the first person to practise Laughter Yoga.,She took up Laughter Yoga 30 years ago.,She helped make Laughter Yoga more popular.,She used to suffer from serious physical problems.,She was the first person to practise Laughter Yoga.,persuade people to take up Laughter Yoga,tell people how to practise Laughter Yoga,describe the good effects of Laughter Yoga,introduce Laughter Yoga as a new event,persuade people to take up Laughter Yoga,tell people how to practise Laughter Yoga,describe the good effects of Laughter Yoga,introduce Laughter Yoga as a new event
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6
For 52 years my father got up at 5:30 am every morning, went to work, and returned home at 5:30 pm. I never saw my father stayed home from work ill, nor did I ever see my father lay down to take a nap. He had no hobbies, other than taking care of his family. All he asked from me, his daughter, was to help him while he was repairing something, so we could have some time to talk.
For 22 years, after I left home for college, my father called me at 9:00 am every Sunday. Nine years ago when I bought my first house, my father, 67 years old, spent eight hours a day for three days in the 80-degree Kansas heat, painting my house. He would not allow me to pay someone to have it done. All he asked for was a glass of iced tea. Five years ago, at age 71, my father spent five hours putting together a swing set for my daughter. Four years ago, my father drove all the way from Denver to Topeka, with an eight-foot Colorado Blue Spruce (云杉) in his truck, so that we could have a part of Colorado growing on our land.
On the morning of January 16, 1996, my sister telephoned me; my father was in the hospital with an aneurysm(动脉瘤) in Florida. I got on an airplane immediately, and on the way I realized that I hadn’t communicated with him as much as I’d always wanted to. I vowed(发誓) that when I arrived, I would have a long talk with him. I arrived in Florida at 1 am, only to find that my father, at the age of 76, had passed away at 9:12 pm. This time it was he who did not have time to talk, or time to wait for me.From the first paragraph we can infer that the author’s father ______.The underlined phrase “other than” in the first paragraph can be replaced by “______”.According to the last paragraph, we can know that the author’s father was born in ______.The author wrote the article in order to ______.
was a good driver ,was in good health,sometimes fell ill ,had no hobbies,was a good driver ,was in good health,sometimes fell ill ,had no hobbies,except ,including ,without ,due to,except ,including ,without ,due to,1916 ,1918 ,1920 ,1922,1916 ,1918 ,1920 ,1922,praise her father ,remember her father,show her father loved her ,let her father be known,praise her father ,remember her father,show her father loved her ,let her father be known
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7
Have you ever been in a situation, where you felt uneasy because of something you think you may have forgotten to do or perhaps a feeling that you annoyed someone whom you wanted to get along with really well. If you have experienced such feelings and worse on a regular basis, then you most probably are a victim of anxiety attacks.
All of us, to some extent, have experienced anxiety at different levels. There are somethings you may know about anxiety, and some things that you may not be familiar with. So in order to be prepared for your unexpected feeling of anxiety, you need to get to know what anxiety is before it
escalates into a panic attack.
Anxiety is simply the feeling of discomfort, uneasiness or fear of what may eventually happen resulting from an imagined, or a real threatening condition. On the extreme end panic attacks can occur due to heightened(增加) feelings of anxiety.
There are two main symptoms(症状) during an anxiety / panic attack and these are physical and emotional symptoms. Physical symptoms include difficulty in breathing, shaking, direct feeling of heat, rapid heartbeat and tiredness while emotional symptoms deal with worrying, depression, fear, and lack of focus.
In spite of the negative impression we have for anxiety, it is not dangerous in any way whatever. The feeling of anxiety is not bad, in fact it’s more of a defensive feeling which protects us from possible danger by engaging a response within us in fight or fight situations. So it’s not the “bad guy”, you just have to learn how to control it. Panic attacks, however, are far more dangerous and should be a concern to your health. Panic can sometimes result in blurred (模糊不清的) vision, difficulty in breathing due to a tight chest. The best way to different anxiety from any serious illness is to ask a medical expert for advice on a regular basis.According to the passage, a panic attack is _______________.The underlined word “escalates” in the second paragraph means “_______________”.A victim of anxiety attacks may have the symptoms that ______________.From the passage we can draw a conclusion that ______________.What is the best title for this passage?
as serious as an anxiety attack,not so serious as an anxiety attack,resulted from an anxiety attack,resulted in an anxiety attack,as serious as an anxiety attack,not so serious as an anxiety attack,resulted from an anxiety attack,resulted in an anxiety attack,happens suddenly,becomes more serious,mixes things together,connects something with,happens suddenly,becomes more serious,mixes things together,connects something with,he doesn’t want to have anything to eat,he has trouble in hearing and vision,he is always worried about others,he can’t pay attention to what he does,he doesn’t want to have anything to eat,he has trouble in hearing and vision,he is always worried about others,he can’t pay attention to what he does,an anxiety attack does good to us,an anxiety attack does no harm to us,an anxiety attack is a serious illness,an anxiety attack is very dangerous,an anxiety attack does good to us,an anxiety attack does no harm to us,an anxiety attack is a serious illness,an anxiety attack is very dangerous,Symptoms of Anxiety Attacks,Ways of Getting Rid of Anxiety,Harm Caused by Anxiety,Getting to know Anxiety,Symptoms of Anxiety Attacks,Ways of Getting Rid of Anxiety,Harm Caused by Anxiety,Getting to know Anxiety
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Bacteria(细菌) are extremely small living things. While we measure our own sizes in inches or centimeters, bacterial size is measured in micron. One micron is a thousandth of a millimeter; a pinhead is about a millimeter across, Rod-shaped bacteria are usually from two to four microns long, while rounded ones are generally one micron across. Thus, if you magnified a rounded bacterium a thousand times, it would be just the size of a pinhead, while a grown-up human enlarged by the same amount would be over a mile tall.
Even with an ordinary microscope(显微镜), you must look closely to see bacteria. Using a magnification of 100 times, one can hardly find bacteria. Nor can one make out anything of their structure(结构), of course. Only by using special colors, can one see that some bacteria have wavy-looking “hairs” called flagella. Others have only one flagellum. The flagella move round a central point, pushing the bacteria through the water. Many bacteria lack flagella and cannot move about by their own power, while others can move along over surface by some little-understood “machinery”.
From the bacterial point of view, the world is a very different place from what it is to humans. To a bacterium, water is as thick as molasses(糖浆) is to us. Bacteria are so small that they are affected by the movements of the chemical molecules(分子) around them. Bacteria under microscopes, even those with no flagella, often jump up and down in the water. This is because they knock with the water molecules and are pushed this way and that.The underlined word magnified means _______________.We know from the passage that _______________ is the smallest.The relationship between a bacterium and its flagella is most nearly like which of the following?Why does the writer compares water to molasses in the third paragraph?
Which of the following is the main topic of the passage?
enlarged ,widened ,killed ,caught,enlarged ,widened ,killed ,caught,a pinhead ,a rounded bacterium ,a microscope ,a rod-shaped bacterium,a pinhead ,a rounded bacterium ,a microscope ,a rod-shaped bacterium,A rider jumping on a horse back ,A ball being hit by a bet,A boat powered by a motor ,A door closed by wind,A rider jumping on a horse back ,A ball being hit by a bet,A boat powered by a motor ,A door closed by wind,To tell us how difficult it is for bacteria to move through water.,To suggest that bacteria are fond of different liquids.,To show different chemicals are of different structures.,To show that bacteria are the best swimmers.,To tell us how difficult it is for bacteria to move through water.,To suggest that bacteria are fond of different liquids.,To show different chemicals are of different structures.,To show that bacteria are the best swimmers.,The characteristic (特点) of bacteria. ,How bacteria reproduce.,The various parts of a bacterium’s body ,How bacteria cause diseases. ,The characteristic (特点) of bacteria. ,How bacteria reproduce.,The various parts of a bacterium’s body ,How bacteria cause diseases.
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9
Healthy Diet“An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” Similarly, if we drink a little more water ever day, we may find that we need to go to the doctor a lot less often. A healthy diet is made up of water and a great many different kinds of foods. We know that healthy foods like fruits, vegetables and fish, are important as they provide us with energy and fibre, without giving us too much fat and sugar. But why is water important?
The human body needs water to survive. Water is important as it carries poisons and waste out of our bodies. However, doctors advise us to drink plenty of water, much more than the small amount we need to stay alive.
Some doctors believe that water is important for our health in all kinds of ways. They believe that a great many illnesses and health problems stars as a result of dehydration—a lack(缺少) of water in the body. Most people are dehydrated at least some of time, although they probably don’t know it. It is surprising to learn that if we feel thirsty, we are already in the first stages of dehydration. In fact, we are advised to drink water before we feel thirsty.
These doctors think that health problems such as headaches, high blood pressure and asthma could be helped if people drink more water. They also believe that drinking more water can help people who are overweight. Water contains no calories so it will not make us put on weight. If we drink water, we will probably drink less sugary soft drinks such as Coca-cola. Doctors also believe that drinking more water may stop people from overeating. They say that many people think that they are hungry when they are, in fact, thirsty. Doctors suggest, therefore, that we eat less food and drink more water.
There are still many health problems that cannot be solved by drinking water, so we should not stop going to seeing the doctor completely. However, if we make a decision to drink water every day, we may find that we need to go to the doctor a lot less often.We need _____for a healthy diet.From the text, we know water can carry_________.Some doctors think that________.Lack of water caused people to put on weight too much because_______.
fibre,food,water,Water and different foods,fibre,food,water,Water and different foods,energy and fibre in our bodies,fruit, vegetables and fish in our bodies,sugar and fat out of our bodies,poisons and waste out of our bodies,energy and fibre in our bodies,fruit, vegetables and fish in our bodies,sugar and fat out of our bodies,poisons and waste out of our bodies,people eat too much sugar,water is not important for our health,we should go to the doctor less often,some health problems are caused by a lack of water,people eat too much sugar,water is not important for our health,we should go to the doctor less often,some health problems are caused by a lack of water,they think they are hungry and eat too much,they think they are thirsty and eat less,water has no calories,it makes them hungry,they think they are hungry and eat too much,they think they are thirsty and eat less,water has no calories,it makes them hungry
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10
Paragraph 1
Scientists have learned a lot about the kinds of food people need. They say that there are several kinds of food that people should eat every day. They are: (1) green and yellow vegetables of all kinds. (2) citrus(柑桔) fruits and tomatoes; (3) potatoes and other fruits and vegetables; (4) meat of all kinds, fish and eggs; (5) milk and foods made from milk; (6) bread or cereal(谷类), rice is also in this kind of food; (7) butter, or something like butter.
Paragraph 2
People in different countries and different places of the world eat different kinds of things. Foods are cooked and eaten in many different kinds of ways. People in different countries eat at different times of the day. In some places people eat once or twice a day; in other countries people eat three or four times a day. Scientists say that none of the differences is really important. It doesn’t matter whether foods are eaten raw or cooked, canned or frozen. It doesn’t matter if a person eats dinner at 4 o’clock in the afternoon or at eleven o’clock at night. The important thing is what you eat every day.
Paragraph 3
There are two problems, then, in feeding the large number of people on earth. The first is to find some ways to feed the world’s population so that no one is hungry.The second is to make sure that people everywhere have the right kinds of food to make them grow to be strong and healthyAccording to the scientists, which of the following groups of food is the healthiest for your lunch?It is important for people to eat _______People in different countries and different places of the world _______If there is Paragraph 4, what do you think is going to be talked about?
chicken, apples, cereal, cabbages,potatoes, carrots, rice, bread,oranges, bananas, fish, tomatoes,beef, pork, fish, milk,chicken, apples, cereal, cabbages,potatoes, carrots, rice, bread,oranges, bananas, fish, tomatoes,beef, pork, fish, milk,three times a day,dinner at twelve o’clock,cooked food all the day,something from each of the seven kinds of food every day,three times a day,dinner at twelve o’clock,cooked food all the day,something from each of the seven kinds of food every day,has the right kinds of food to eat,cooks their food in the same way,has their meals at the same time,eat food in different ways,has the right kinds of food to eat,cooks their food in the same way,has their meals at the same time,eat food in different ways,When people eat their lunch,What to do with the two problems,How to cook food in different ways,Why people eat different kinds of food,When people eat their lunch,What to do with the two problems,How to cook food in different ways,Why people eat different kinds of food